The Air Force Sembel

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The Eritrean Air Force (ERAF) emerged as a pivotal military branch following Eritrea’s hard-fought independence, representing a testament to the nation’s resilience and strategic military development. Established in 1994, shortly after gaining independence, the air force quickly became a critical component of Eritrea’s national defense strategy, born from the ashes of a long struggle for sovereignty.

Origins and Early Formation

The foundation of the Eritrean Air Force was a remarkable story of transformation. Commander Habtezion Hadgu, a former Ethiopian Air Force pilot who defected to the Eritrean People’s Liberation Front (EPLF) in the late 1980s, played a crucial role in its creation. He recruited several experienced Eritrean officers who had previously served in the Ethiopian Air Force, including:

  • Col. Abraham - First Chief of Staff
  • Col. Melake
  • Col. Mesfin
  • Col. Dr. Efrem

Initial Military Assets

The original air force was primarily composed of abandoned Ethiopian Air Force aircraft left behind after Eritrea’s War of Independence. These initial assets included:

Aircraft Type Quantity Status
MiG-21 Multiple Mostly Decommissioned

Expansion and Military Challenges

The Eritrean Air Force experienced significant growth during the Eritrean-Ethiopian War. In a rapid military buildup, Eritrea strategically expanded its aerial capabilities by:

  • Purchasing MiG-29s from Moldova
  • Acquiring eight Su-25s from Georgia
  • Obtaining Su-27s to counter Ethiopian military strength

Modern Capabilities

As of 2025, the Eritrean Air Force maintains a modest but strategic fleet of approximately 20 aircraft. Its current inventory includes:

  • Fighter Aircraft: MiG-29, Su-27
  • Helicopters: Mi-17, Bell 412, Mi-24 (attack helicopter)
  • Transport Aircraft: Y-12, Beechcraft King Air 200

🛩️ Note: The air force is currently commanded by Teklai Habteselassie, who also oversees the Sawa military training camp.

The journey of the Eritrean Air Force reflects the nation's determination to build a robust and independent military capability. From its humble beginnings using abandoned aircraft to developing a sophisticated aerial defense system, the ERAF stands as a symbol of Eritrea's military resilience and strategic vision.

When was the Eritrean Air Force established?

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The Eritrean Air Force was established in 1994, shortly after Eritrea gained independence.

What are the main aircraft in the Eritrean Air Force?

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The main aircraft include MiG-29, Su-27 fighters, Mi-17 and Bell 412 helicopters, and Y-12 transport aircraft.

Who currently commands the Eritrean Air Force?

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Major General Teklai Habteselassie is the current commander of the Eritrean Air Force.